什么是Actor？
Actor對于PHPer來說，可能會比較陌生，寫過Java的同學會比較熟悉，Java一直都有線程的概念（雖然PHP有Pthread,但不普及）,它是一種非共享內存的并發模型，每個Actor內的數據獨立存在，Actor之間通過消息傳遞的形式進行交互調度，且Actor是一種高度抽象化的編程模型，非常適合于游戲、硬件行業。
Swoole協程與信箱
得益于Swoole4.x，我們可以基于Swoole的協程與Channel快速實現一個信箱模式調度。模擬代碼如下：
use Swoole\Coroutine\Channel;
go(function (){
//創建十個信箱通道
$mailBoxes = [];
for ($i = 1;$i = 10;$i++){
$mailBoxes[$i] = new Channel(16);
}
//模擬master 郵局調度,隨機像一個信箱投遞消息
go(function ()use($mailBoxes){
while (1){
\co::sleep(2);
$key = rand(1,10);
($mailBoxes[$key])->push(time());
}
});
//模擬actor 實體消費
for ($i = 1;$i = 10;$i++){
go(function ()use($mailBoxes,$i){
while (1){
$msg = ($mailBoxes[$i])->pop();
echo "Actor {$i} recv msg : {$msg} \n";
}
});
}
});
以上代碼執行輸出：
php test.php
Actor 8 recv msg : 1559622691
Actor 10 recv msg : 1559622693
Actor 1 recv msg : 1559622695
Actor 5 recv msg : 1559622697
協程通道每次在POP遇到無數據的時候，都會自動讓出執行權（具體可以去看Swoole協程調度）
Actor庫
基于上面的原理，我們實行了一個多進程分布的協程Actor庫
composer require easyswoole/actor=2.x-dev
我們依賴dev庫進行測試，生產可以自己依賴stable版本
進程關系
Easyswoole的Actor模型中，存在兩組進程，一組是proxy進程，用來實現Actor對外服務，一組是worker進程，proxy進程與worker進程之間通過unixsock進行通訊，而Actor實例就均勻的分布worker之中。
樣例代碼
比如在一個聊天室中，我們可以定義一個房間模型。
namespace EasySwoole\Actor\Test;
use EasySwoole\Actor\AbstractActor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\ActorConfig;
class RoomActor extends AbstractActor
{
public static function configure(ActorConfig $actorConfig)
{
$actorConfig->setActorName('Room');
}
public function onStart()
{
//每當一個RoomActor實體被創建的時候，都會執行該回調
var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' start');
}
public function onMessage($msg)
{
//每當一個RoomActor實體收到外部消息的時候，都會執行該回調當
var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' onmessage: '.$msg);
return 'reply at '.time();
}
public function onExit($arg)
{
//每當一個RoomActor實體退出的時候，都會執行該回調
var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' exit at arg: '.$arg);
return 'exit at '.time();
}
protected function onException(\Throwable $throwable)
{
//每當一個RoomActor出現異常的時候，都會執行該回調
var_dump($throwable->getMessage());
}
}
在cli模式下創建一個Actor服務
use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\ProxyProcess;
Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class);
$list = Actor::getInstance()->generateProcess();
foreach ($list['proxy'] as $proxy){
/** @var ProxyProcess $proxy */
$proxy->getProcess()->start();
}
foreach ($list['worker'] as $actors){
foreach ($actors as $actorProcess){
/** @var ProxyProcess $actorProcess */
$actorProcess->getProcess()->start();
}
}
while($ret = \Swoole\Process::wait()) {
echo "PID={$ret['pid']}\n";
}
創建一個cli測試腳本
use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor;
Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class);
go(function (){
$actorId = RoomActor::client()->create('create arg1');
var_dump($actorId);
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->send($actorId,'this is msg'));
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exit($actorId,'this is exit arg'));
\co::sleep(3);
RoomActor::client()->create('create arg2');
\co::sleep(3);
RoomActor::client()->create('create arg3');
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->sendAll('sendAll msg'));
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->status());
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exitAll('sendAll exit'));
});
以上代碼執行結果如下：
服務端
php test.php
string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 start"
string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 onmessage: this is msg"
string(64) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 exit at arg: this is exit arg"
string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 start"
string(40) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 start"
string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 onmessage: sendAll msg"
string(57) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 onmessage: sendAll msg"
string(60) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 exit at arg: sendAll exit"
string(60) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 exit at arg: sendAll exit"
客戶端
php test2.php
string(23) "00101000000000000000001"
string(19) "reply at 1559623925"
string(18) "exit at 1559623928"
bool(true)
array(3) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[2]=>
int(0)
[3]=>
int(1)
}
bool(true)
更多細節可以在EasySwoole項目官網得到文檔支持 http://easyswoole.com/
喜歡EasySwoole項目的，可以給個star https://github.com/easy-swoole/easyswoole
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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