要使用純PHP創(chuàng)建或編輯Excel電子表格，我們將使用PHPExcel庫，它可以讀寫許多電子表格格式，包括xls，xlsx，ods和csv。在我們繼續(xù)之前，仔細(xì)檢查您的服務(wù)器上是否有PHP 5.2或更高版本以及安裝了以下PHP擴(kuò)展：php_zip，php_xml和php_gd2。
創(chuàng)建電子表格
創(chuàng)建電子表格是PHP應(yīng)用程序中最常見的用例之一，用于將數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出到Excel電子表格。查看以下代碼，了解如何使用PHPExcel創(chuàng)建示例Excel電子表格：
// Include PHPExcel library and create its object
require('PHPExcel.php');
$phpExcel = new PHPExcel;
// Set default font to Arial
$phpExcel->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setName('Arial');
// Set default font size to 12
$phpExcel->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setSize(12);
// Set spreadsheet properties – title, creator and description
$phpExcel ->getProperties()->setTitle("Product list");
$phpExcel ->getProperties()->setCreator("Voja Janjic");
$phpExcel ->getProperties()->setDescription("PHP Excel spreadsheet testing.");
// Create the PHPExcel spreadsheet writer object
// We will create xlsx file (Excel 2007 and above)
$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($phpExcel, "Excel2007");
// When creating the writer object, the first sheet is also created
// We will get the already created sheet
$sheet = $phpExcel ->getActiveSheet();
// Set sheet title
$sheet->setTitle('My product list');
// Create spreadsheet header
$sheet ->getCell('A1')->setValue('Product');
$sheet ->getCell('B1')->setValue('Quanity');
$sheet ->getCell('C1')->setValue('Price');
// Make the header text bold and larger
$sheet->getStyle('A1:D1')->getFont()->setBold(true)->setSize(14);
// Insert product data
// Autosize the columns
$sheet->getColumnDimension('A')->setAutoSize(true);
$sheet->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);
$sheet->getColumnDimension('C')->setAutoSize(true);
// Save the spreadsheet
$writer->save('products.xlsx');
如果要下載電子表格而不是將其保存到服務(wù)器，請(qǐng)執(zhí)行以下操作：
header('Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="file.xlsx"');
header('Cache-Control: max-age=0');
$writer->save('php://output');
編輯現(xiàn)有電子表格
在PHP中編輯電子表格與創(chuàng)建電子表格類似：
// Include PHPExcel library and create its object
require('PHPExcel.php');
// Load an existing spreadsheet
$phpExcel = PHPExcel_IOFactory::load('products.xlsx');
// Get the first sheet
$sheet = $phpExcel ->getActiveSheet();
// Remove 2 rows starting from the row 2
$sheet ->removeRow(2,2);
// Insert one new row before row 2
$sheet->insertNewRowBefore(2, 1);
// Create the PHPExcel spreadsheet writer object
// We will create xlsx file (Excel 2007 and above)
$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($phpExcel, "Excel2007");
// Save the spreadsheet
$writer->save('products.xlsx');
準(zhǔn)備電子表格進(jìn)行打印
要準(zhǔn)備電子表格進(jìn)行打印，我們將設(shè)置紙張方向，尺寸和邊距：
$sheet->getPageSetup()->setOrientation(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
$sheet -> getPageSetup()->setPaperSize(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::PAPERSIZE_A4);
$sheet->getPageMargins()->setTop(1);
$sheet ->getPageMargins()->setRight(0.75);
$sheet ->getPageMargins()->setLeft(0.75);
$sheet ->getPageMargins()->setBottom(1);
將PHPExcel與Laravel一起使用
PHPExcel庫也可以在Laravel框架中使用。查看以下PHP包（此處）并通過Composer安裝它。完成安裝步驟后，您可以使用以下代碼將數(shù)據(jù)從數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)出到Excel電子表格中：
Excel::create('Products', function($excel) {
// Set the title
$excel->setTitle('Product list');
// Set the creator
$excel->setCreator('Voja Janjic');
// Set description
$excel->setDescription('PHP Excel spreadsheet testing');
$excel->sheet('Products', function($sheet) {
// Get data from the database
$products = Product::all();
// Generate header row
$sheet->row(1, array(
'ID',
'Product',
'Price',
'Quantity',
));
// Generate data rows
$i = 2;
foreach($products as $product) {
$sheet->row($i, array(
$product->product_id,
$product->product_name,
$product->price,
$variety->quantity,
));
$i++;
}
});
})->export('xlsx');
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