本文將提供一些perl連接Microsoft SQL Server數據庫的實例。perl腳本運行在Windows和Linux平臺。
Windows平臺
如果在Windows平臺下運行perl腳本，建議使用依賴DBI的兩個模塊包，提供標準的數據庫接口模塊。
DBD::ODBC
DBD::ADO
使用DBD::ODBC
如果選用DBD::ODBC，下面的實例代碼將展示如何連接到SQL Server數據庫：
復制代碼 代碼如下:
use DBI;
# DBD::ODBC
my $dsn = 'DBI:ODBC:Driver={SQL Server}';
my $host = '10.0.0.1,1433';
my $database = 'my_database';
my $user = 'sa';
my $auth = ‘s3cr3t';
# Connect via DBD::ODBC by specifying the DSN dynamically.
my $dbh = DBI->connect("$dsn;Server=$host;Database=$database",
$user,
$auth,
{ RaiseError => 1, AutoCommit => 1}
) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr";
#Prepare a SQL statement my $sql = "SELECT id, name, phone_number FROM employees ";
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $sql );
#Execute the statement
$sth->execute();
my( $id, $name, $phone_number );
# Bind the results to the local variables
$sth->bind_columns( undef, \$id, \$name, \$phone_number );
#Retrieve values from the result set
while( $sth->fetch() ) {
print "$id, $name, $phone_number\n";
}
#Close the connection
$sth->finish();
$dbh->disconnect();
你還可以使用預先設置的一個系統DSN來連接。要建立一個系統DSN，可以這樣訪問控制面板->管理工具->數據源。
使用系統DSN連接，需要更改連接字符串。如下所示：
復制代碼 代碼如下:
# Connect via DBD::ODBC using a System DSN
my $dbh = DBI->connect("dbi:ODBC:my_system_dsn",
$user,
$auth,
{
RaiseError => 1,
AutoCommit => 1
}
) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr";
使用DBD::ADO
如果選擇DBD::ADO模塊，下面的實例展示如何連接到SQL Server數據庫。
復制代碼 代碼如下:
use DBI;
my $host = '10.0.0.1,1433';
my $database = 'my_database';
my $user = 'sa';
my $auth = ‘s3cr3t';
# DBD::ADO
$dsn = "Provider=sqloledb;Trusted Connection=yes;";
$dsn .= "Server=$host;Database=$database";
my $dbh = DBI->connect("dbi:ADO:$dsn",
$user,
$auth,
{ RaiseError => 1, AutoCommit => 1}
) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr";
#Prepare a SQL statement
my $sql = "SELECT id, name, phone_number FROM employees "; my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $sql );
#Execute the statement
$sth->execute();
my( $id, $name, $phone_number );
# Bind the results to the local variables
$sth->bind_columns( undef, \$id, \$name, \$phone_number );
#Retrieve values from the result set
while( $sth->fetch() ) {
print "$id, $name, $phone_number\n";
}
#Close the connection
$sth->finish();
$dbh->disconnect();
Linux平臺
如果是在Linux平臺下運行perl腳本，連接SQL Server數據庫需要使用到DBD::Sybase包。
安裝SQL Server支持庫
Sybase DBD包依賴FreeTDS驅動程序。
FreeTDS下載地址：www.freetds.org
安裝FreeTDS驅動的說明文檔參見：http://www.freetds.org/userguide/config.htm
該驅動沒有使用到ODBC.
配置數據源
修改freetds.conf文件包括SQL Server數據庫信息，如下所示：
復制代碼 代碼如下:
[SS_MY_DB]
host = 10.0.0.1 # or host name port = 1433
tds version = 7.0
安裝Sybase DBD模塊
該模塊文檔參見：http://search.cpan.org/~mewp/DBD-Sybase/Sybase.pm
此外，需要將sybase環境變量應設置為FreeTDS安裝路徑，export SYBASE=/usr/local/freetds
使用Sybase DBI和SQL Server DSN實例
復制代碼 代碼如下:
# load the DBI module
use DBI;
use DBD::Sybase;
my $database="my_database";
my $user="sa";
my $auth="s3cr3t";
BEGIN
{
$ENV{SYBASE} = "/usr/local";
}
# Connect to the SQL Server Database
my $dbh = DBI->connect("dbi:Sybase:server=ss_my_db;database=$database",
$user,
$auth
{RaiseError => 1, AutoCommit => 1}
) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr";
#Prepare a SQL statement
my $sql = "SELECT id, name, phone_number FROM employees";
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $sql );
#Execute the statement
$sth->execute();
my( $id, $name, $phone_number );
# Bind the results to the local variables
$sth->bind_columns( undef, \$id, \$name, \$phone_number );
#Retrieve values from the result set
while( $sth->fetch() ) { print "$name, $title, $phone\n";
}
#Close the connection
$sth->finish();
undef $sth; # This fixes a segfault bug with certain versions of DBD::Sybase
$dbh->disconnect();
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