問題：
由于機房停電，其中一DG備庫無法open，啟動時報錯
啟動數據庫時報下面的錯誤
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出現錯誤:
ORA-10458: standby database requiresrecovery
ORA-01196: 文件 1 由于介質恢復會話失敗而不一致
ORA-01110: 數據文件 1:'+DATA/htdb7/datafile/system.313.884996245'
查看歸檔日志應用情況，發現一部分日志沒應用
SQL> Select Name,Sequence#,applied,completion_time From v$archived_log Order By Sequence# Desc;
Name, Sequence# applied completion_time
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328776.705.939567729 328776 YES NO 2017/3/2515:02
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328775.713.939567727 328775 YES NO 2017/3/2515:02
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328774.777.939567727 328774 YES NO 2017/3/2515:02
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328773.771.939567725 328773 YES NO 2017/3/2515:02
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328772.422.939567721 328772 YES NO 2017/3/2515:02
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328771.482.939567721 328771 YES NO 2017/3/2515:02
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328770.755.939567721 328770 YES NO 2017/3/2515:02
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328757.1255.939481573 328757 YES NO 2017/3/2415:06
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328756.795.939480431 328756 YES YES 2017/3/2414:47
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328755.543.939479395 328755 YES YES 2017/3/2414:29
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328754.390.939478683 328754 YES YES 2017/3/2414:18
+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328753.1845.939477943 328753 YES YES 2017/3/2414:05
--再和其它備庫或主庫的歸檔日志做對比,很明顯發現這個備庫沒有同步并應用主庫的日志
--此備庫：
[oracle@hotel07 ~]$ asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+fra/htdb7/ARCHIVELOG] > cd 2017_03_24/
ASMCMD [+fra/htdb7/ARCHIVELOG/2017_03_24]> ls
......
thread_1_seq_328754.390.939478683
thread_1_seq_328755.543.939479395
thread_1_seq_328756.795.939480431
thread_1_seq_328757.1255.939481573
--其它正常的備庫
[oracle@hotel05 ~]$ asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+fra/htdb5/ARCHIVELOG/2017_03_24]> ls
thread_1_seq_328754.4124.939478683
thread_1_seq_328755.349.939479395
thread_1_seq_328756.852.939480431
thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575
thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647
thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649
thread_1_seq_328760.3205.939510647
thread_1_seq_328761.5308.939510649
thread_1_seq_328762.5227.939510653
.....
解決辦法：
需要從其它備庫或主庫上面把此備庫缺失的歸檔日志手動傳輸過來，然后再進行open操作
步驟如下：
1. 在另一正常的備庫用rman備份缺失的歸檔日志
[oracle@hotel05 ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> copy archivelog'+fra/htdb5/ARCHIVELOG/2017_03_24/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649' to'/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649';
啟動 backup 于 25-3月 -17
使用通道 ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在開始復制歸檔日志
輸入歸檔日志線程=1 序列=328759 RECID=328754 STAMP=939510652
輸出文件名=/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649 RECID=328794STAMP=939571923
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 歸檔日志復制完成, 經過時間: 00:00:03
完成 backup 于 25-3月 -17
......
. 備份完成后，把歸檔傳輸到丟失歸檔的備庫
[oracle@hotel05 arcbak]$ scp * hotel07:/home/oracle/arcbak/
3. 然后在此備庫上進行恢復操作
-- 編制歸檔文件目錄
[oracle@hotel07 ~]$ rman target /
恢復管理器: Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on 星期六 3月 25 15:42:112017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
已連接到目標數據庫: HTDB4 (DBID=1083719948, 未打開)
RMAN> catalog start with '/home/oracle/arcbak';
搜索與樣式 /home/oracle/arcbak 匹配的所有文件
數據庫未知文件的列表
=====================================
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328763.4773.939510653
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328767.2765.939511033
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328766.5854.939511023
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328760.3205.939510647
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328762.5227.939510653
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328761.5308.939510649
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328764.5801.939510653
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328765.3298.939510657
是否確實要將上述文件列入目錄(輸入 YES 或 NO)? y
正在編制文件目錄...
目錄編制完畢
已列入目錄的文件的列表
=======================
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328763.4773.939510653
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328767.2765.939511033
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328766.5854.939511023
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328759.4592.939510649
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328760.3205.939510647
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328762.5227.939510653
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328761.5308.939510649
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328764.5801.939510653
文件名: /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328765.3298.939510657
-- 恢復歸檔日志
RMAN> copy archivelog '/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328757.1420.939481575' to '+fra';
啟動 backup 于 25-3月 -17
使用通道 ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在開始復制歸檔日志
輸入歸檔日志線程=1 序列=328760 RECID=149368 STAMP=939573701
輸出文件名=+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328760.474.939573739RECID=149375 STAMP=939573738
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 歸檔日志復制完成, 經過時間: 00:00:01
完成 backup 于 25-3月 -17
......
4. 最后就可以open數據庫了
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY
-- 查看日志 ，歸檔日志正常進行應用
alter database open
Data Guard Broker initializing...
Data Guard Broker initialization complete
Beginning standby crash recovery.
Serial Media Recovery started
Managed Standby Recovery starting Real TimeApply
Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328757.499.939573737
Media Recovery Log/home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647
Sat Mar 25 16:43:57 2017
Incomplete Recovery applied until change91347484119 time 03/24/2017 15:06:26
Completed standby crash recovery.
Sat Mar 25 16:43:58 2017
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Dictionary check beginning
Dictionary check complete
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
replication_dependency_tracking turned off(no async multimaster replication found)
Physical standby database opened for readonly access.
Completed: alter database open
Sat Mar 25 16:44:01 2017
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBYDATABASE THROUGH ALL SWITCHOVERDISCONNECT USING CURRENT LOGFILE
Attempt to start background Managed StandbyRecovery process (htdb7)
Sat Mar 25 16:44:01 2017
MRP0 started with pid=47, OS id=9619
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recoveryprocess started (htdb7)
started logmerger process
Sat Mar 25 16:44:06 2017
Managed Standby Recovery starting Real TimeApply
Parallel Media Recovery started with 16slaves
Waiting for all non-current ORLs to bearchived...
All non-current ORLs have been archived.
Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/arcbak/thread_1_seq_328758.3356.939510647
Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328759.1574.939573739
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGEDSTANDBY DATABASE THROUGH ALL SWITCHOVERDISCONNECT USING CURRENT LOGFILE
Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328760.922.939573741
Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328761.695.939573743
Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328762.1769.939573745
Media Recovery Log+FRA/htdb7/archivelog/2017_03_25/thread_1_seq_328763.1422.939573745
總結：
在由于停電和網絡原因，造成主備數據不同步，日志丟失的情況，主要學會使用rman工具把歸檔文件在fs和asm之間傳輸。在數據庫恢復時會經常用到。
另外，如果數據庫開啟了閃回功能 ，也可以使用閃回數據庫的某個時點進行恢復。可以參考另一篇博文：oracle數據庫ORA-01196錯誤解決辦法分享。
希望對大家有所幫助，感謝閱讀。
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