| 屬性 | 值 | 是否在頁面上顯示 | 注冊點擊事件是否有效 | 是否存在于可訪問性樹中 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| display | none | 否 | 否 | 否 |
| visibility | hidden | 否 | 否 | 是 |
| opacity | 0 | 否 | 是 | 是 |
除了display、visibility、opacity三個屬性可以隱藏元素之外,是否還存在其它屬性可以隱藏元素呢?它們之間又存在什么必然的聯(lián)系呢?這就是我們今天要討論的問題。
注:由于篇幅有限,本文并未提及一些像filter:alpha(opacity=0); zoom:0;之類的兼容屬性。
display : none
display屬性可以設(shè)置元素的內(nèi)部和外部顯示類型。將display設(shè)置為none會將元素從可訪問性樹中移除。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>display : none</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
display : none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
visibility: hidden
將visibility設(shè)置為hidden會使元素不可見,但此時元素仍然位于可訪問性樹中(display: none時元素被移出可訪問性樹 ),注冊點擊事件無效。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>visibility: hidden</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
visibility: hidden;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
opacity: 0
opacity(不透明度),取值范圍0(完全透明) ~ 1(完全不透明),將opacity設(shè)置為0會使元素完全透明,此時元素不可見(因為它是透明的),仍然位于可訪問性樹中,注冊點擊事件有效。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>opacity: 0</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
opacity: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
transparent
將元素的background-color、color和border-color設(shè)置為transparent(透明),此時元素不可見(因為它是透明的),仍然位于可訪問性樹中,注冊點擊事件有效。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>transparent</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
color: transparent;
background-color: transparent;
border-color: transparent;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
rgba(0,0,0,0)
從技術(shù)上說,transparent是 rgba(0,0,0,0) 的簡寫,將元素的background-color、color和border-color設(shè)置為rgba(0,0,0,0)(透明),此時元素不可見(因為它是透明的),仍然位于可訪問性樹中,注冊點擊事件有效。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>rgba(0,0,0,0)</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
color: rgba(0,0,0,0);
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0);
border-color: rgba(0,0,0,0);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
rgba只需要第四個參數(shù)為0即可達(dá)到隱藏元素的效果。
hsla(0,0%,0%,0)
hsla使用元素隱藏的機(jī)制與rgba一致,都是由第四個參數(shù)Alpha所控制的,將元素的background-color、color和border-color設(shè)置為hsla(0,0%,0%,0),此時元素不可見(因為它是透明的),仍然位于可訪問性樹中,注冊點擊事件有效。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>hsla(0,0%,0%,0)</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
color: hsla(0,0%,0%,0);
background-color: hsla(0,0%,0%,0);
border-color: hsla(0,0%,0%,0);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
hsla和rgba一致,只需要第四個參數(shù)為0即可達(dá)到隱藏元素的效果。
filter: opacity(0%)
filter(濾鏡) opacity(0% ~ 100%)轉(zhuǎn)化圖像的透明程度,值范圍于0%(完全透明) ~ 100%(完全不透明)之間。將元素的filter設(shè)置為opacity(0%),此時元素不可見(因為它是透明的),仍然位于可訪問性樹中,注冊點擊事件有效。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>filter: opacity(0%)</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
filter: opacity(0%);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
transform: scale(0, 0)
將transform設(shè)置為scale(0, 0)會使元素在x軸和y軸上都縮放到0像素,此元素會顯示,也會占用位置,但是因為已經(jīng)縮放到0%,元素和內(nèi)容占用像素比為0*0,所以看不到此元素及其內(nèi)容,也無法點擊。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>transform: scale(0, 0)</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
transform: scale(0,0);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
width: 0;height: 0;overflow: hidden
將width和height都設(shè)置為0,使元素占用像素比為0*0,但此時會出現(xiàn)兩種情況:
當(dāng)元素的display屬性為inline時,元素內(nèi)容會將元素寬高拉開;
當(dāng)元素的display屬性為block或inline-block時,元素寬高為0,但元素內(nèi)容依舊正常顯示,此時再加上overflow:hidden;即可裁剪掉元素外的元素內(nèi)容。
這個方法跟transform: scale(0,0)的不同點在于:transform: scale(0,0)是將元素與內(nèi)容都進(jìn)行縮放,而此方法是將元素縮放到0px,再裁剪掉元素外的元素內(nèi)容。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>width: 0;height: 0;overflow: hidden</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
width:0;
height:0;
overflow: hidden;
border-width: 0;/* user agent stylesheet中border-width: 2px; */
padding: 0;/* user agent stylesheet中padding: 1px 6px; */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
transform: rotateX(90deg)
將元素沿著X軸順時針旋轉(zhuǎn)90度達(dá)到隱藏元素的效果。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>transform: rotateX(90deg)</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
transform: rotateX(90deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
transform: rotateY(90deg)
將元素沿著Y軸順時針旋轉(zhuǎn)90度達(dá)到隱藏元素的效果。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>transform: rotateY(90deg)</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
transform: rotateY(90deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
脫離屏幕顯示位置同樣可以使元素不可見,但是達(dá)到這種效果的css樣式太多了,這里只舉例一種情況說明。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>脫離屏幕顯示位置</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
position: fixed;
top: -100px;
left: -100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div>
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
使用元素遮蓋也可以使元素不可見,因為達(dá)到這種效果的css樣式也很多,故這里只舉例一種情況說明。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="charset" content="utf-8"/>
<title>遮蓋</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 24px;
}
button {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
#bt {
z-index: -1;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
}
#cover {
z-index: 1;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
margin: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id="normal">按鈕</button>
</div>
<div style="position: relative;line-height: normal;">
<button id="bt">按鈕</button>
<div id="cover"></div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
let normal = document.getElementById('normal');
let bt = document.getElementById('bt');
normal.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click normal');
})
bt.addEventListener('click',function(){
alert('click bt');
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
到此這篇關(guān)于有趣的css實現(xiàn)隱藏元素的7種思路的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)css隱藏元素內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章,希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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