文件和目錄 cd /home 進入 '/ home' 目錄' cd .. 返回上一級目錄 cd ../.. 返回上兩級目錄 cd 進入個人的主目錄 cd ~user1 進入個人的主目錄 cd - 返回上次所在的目錄 pwd 顯示工作路徑 ls 查看目錄中的文件 ls -F 查看目錄中的文件 ls -l 顯示文件和目錄的詳細資料 ls -a 顯示隱藏文件 ls *[0-9]* 顯示包含數(shù)字的文件名和目錄名 tree 顯示文件和目錄由根目錄開始的樹形結(jié)構(1) lstree 顯示文件和目錄由根目錄開始的樹形結(jié)構(2) mkdir dir1 創(chuàng)建一個叫做 'dir1' 的目錄' mkdir dir1 dir2 同時創(chuàng)建兩個目錄 mkdir -p /tmp/dir1/dir2 創(chuàng)建一個目錄樹 rm -f file1 刪除一個叫做 'file1' 的文件' rmdir dir1 刪除一個叫做 'dir1' 的目錄' rm -rf dir1 刪除一個叫做 'dir1' 的目錄并同時刪除其內(nèi)容 rm -rf dir1 dir2 同時刪除兩個目錄及它們的內(nèi)容 mv dir1 new_dir 重命名/移動 一個目錄 cp file1 file2 復制一個文件 cp dir/* . 復制一個目錄下的所有文件到當前工作目錄 cp -a /tmp/dir1 . 復制一個目錄到當前工作目錄 cp -a dir1 dir2 復制一個目錄 ln -s file1 lnk1 創(chuàng)建一個指向文件或目錄的軟鏈接 ln file1 lnk1 創(chuàng)建一個指向文件或目錄的物理鏈接 touch -t 0712250000 file1 修改一個文件或目錄的時間戳 - (YYMMDDhhmm) file file1 outputs the mime type of the file as text iconv -l 列出已知的編碼 iconv -f fromEncoding -t toEncoding inputFile > outputFile creates a new from the given input file by assuming it is encoded in fromEncoding and converting it to toEncoding. find . -maxdepth 1 -name *.jpg -print -exec convert "{}" -resize 80x60 "thumbs/{}" \; batch resize files in the current directory and send them to a thumbnails directory (requires convert from Imagemagick)
網(wǎng)絡 - (以太網(wǎng)和WIFI無線) ifconfig eth0 顯示一個以太網(wǎng)卡的配置 ifup eth0 啟用一個 'eth0' 網(wǎng)絡設備 ifdown eth0 禁用一個 'eth0' 網(wǎng)絡設備 ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 控制IP地址 ifconfig eth0 promisc 設置 'eth0' 成混雜模式以嗅探數(shù)據(jù)包 (sniffing) dhclient eth0 以dhcp模式啟用 'eth0' route -n show routing table route add -net 0/0 gw IP_Gateway configura default gateway route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1 configure static route to reach network '192.168.0.0/16' route del 0/0 gw IP_gateway remove static route echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward activate ip routing hostname show hostname of system host www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa(1) nslookup www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa(2) ip link show show link status of all interfaces mii-tool eth0 show link status of 'eth0' ethtool eth0 show statistics of network card 'eth0' netstat -tup show all active network connections and their PID netstat -tupl show all network services listening on the system and their PID tcpdump tcp port 80 show all HTTP traffic iwlist scan show wireless networks iwconfig eth1 show configuration of a wireless network card hostname show hostname host www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa nslookup www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa whois www.example.com lookup on Whois database
Microsoft Windows networks (SAMBA) nbtscan ip_addr netbios name resolution nmblookup -A ip_addr netbios name resolution smbclient -L ip_addr/hostname show remote shares of a windows host smbget -Rr smb://ip_addr/share like wget can download files from a host windows via smb mount -t smbfs -o username=user,password=pass //WinClient/share /mnt/share mount a windows network share