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Docker+keepalived+nginx實(shí)現(xiàn)主從熱備的方法示例

前言

為解決單點(diǎn)故障，我們需要配置主從熱備方案，服務(wù)器數(shù)量有限，故使用Docker模擬安裝配置。

本次配置默認(rèn)已經(jīng)安裝了Docker。

配置環(huán)境:centos7 64位

docker版本:Docker version 17.12.1-ce, build 7390fc6

1，拉取centos7鏡像

docker pull centos:7

2,創(chuàng)建容器

docker run -it -d --name centos1 -d centos:7

3,進(jìn)入容器centos1

docker exec -it centos1 bash

4,安裝常用工具

yum updateyum install -y vimyum install -y wgetyum install -y gcc-c++ yum install -y pcre pcre-devel yum install -y zlib zlib-devel yum install -y openssl openssl--develyum install -y popt-develyum install -y initscripts
yum install -y net-tools

5，將容器打包成新的鏡像，以后直接以該鏡像創(chuàng)建容器

docker commit -a 'cfh' -m 'centos with common tools' centos1 centos_base

6,刪除之前創(chuàng)建的centos1 容器，重新以基礎(chǔ)鏡像創(chuàng)建容器，安裝keepalived+nginx

docker rm -f centos1
#容器內(nèi)需要使用systemctl服務(wù)，需要加上/usr/sbin/init
docker run -it --name centos_temp -d --privileged centos_base /usr/sbin/init
docker exec -it centos_temp bash

作者：江湖救急
鏈接：https://juejin.im/post/5dc517386fb9a04a9272110b
來源：掘金
著作權(quán)歸作者所有。商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)聯(lián)系作者獲得授權(quán)，非商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。

7,安裝nginx

#使用yum安裝nginx需要包括Nginx的庫，安裝Nginx的庫
rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
# 使用下面命令安裝nginx
yum install -y nginx
#啟動(dòng)nginx
systemctl start nginx.service
#查看是否啟動(dòng)成功,出現(xiàn)nginx歡迎界面表示安裝成功
curl 172.17.0.2

8,安裝keepalived

1.下載keepalived wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz

2.解壓安裝：tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

3.下載插件openssl yum install -y openssl openssl-devel（需要安裝一個(gè)軟件包）

4.開始編譯keepalivedcd /usr/local/keepalived-1.2.18/ && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

5.make一下 make && make install

9,將keepalived 安裝成系統(tǒng)服務(wù)

mkdir /etc/keepalivedcp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/然后復(fù)制keepalived腳本文件：cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/可以設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)：chkconfig keepalived on，到此我們安裝完畢!

#若啟動(dòng)報(bào)錯(cuò)，則執(zhí)行下面命令
cd /usr/sbin/ 
rm -f keepalived 
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ 

#常用命令
systemctl daemon-reload 重新加載systemctl enable keepalived.service 設(shè)置開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)systemctl disable keepalived.service 取消開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)systemctl start keepalived.service 啟動(dòng)systemctl stop keepalived.service停止systemctl status keepalived.service 查看服務(wù)狀態(tài)

10,修改/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件

#備份配置文件
cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.backup

rm -f keepalived.conf
vim keepalived.conf
#配置文件如下

vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
  interval 2
  weight -20
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
  state MASTER
  interface eth0
  virtual_router_id 121
  mcast_src_ip 172.17.0.6
  priority 100
  nopreempt
  advert_int 1
  authentication {
    auth_type PASS
    auth_pass 1111
  }

  track_script {
    chk_nginx
  }

  virtual_ipaddress {
    172.17.0.100
  }
}

11,添加心跳檢測(cè)文件

vim nginx_check.sh
#以下是腳本內(nèi)容
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx –no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
  sleep 2
  if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
    killall keepalived
  fi
fi

12,給腳本賦予執(zhí)行權(quán)限

chmod +x nginx_check.sh

13,設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)

systemctl enable keepalived.service

#開啟keepalived
systemctl start keepalived.service

14,檢測(cè)虛擬IP是否成功,在宿主機(jī)里面執(zhí)行下面命令，如果出現(xiàn)nginx歡迎界面表示成功

curl 172.17.0.100

15，將centos_temp 容器重新打包成鏡像，然后利用這個(gè)新鏡像再創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)容器，實(shí)現(xiàn)熱備效果

docker commit -a 'cfh' -m 'centos with keepalived nginx' centos_temp centos_kn

16,刪除所有容器

docker rm -f `docker ps -a -q`

17，用centos_kn 鏡像創(chuàng)建主服務(wù)器容器

docker run --privileged -tid --name centos_master --restart=always centos_kn /usr/sbin/init

docker exec -it centos_master bash

18，修改centos_master里面nginx 歡迎頁,

vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

19,創(chuàng)建從服務(wù)器容器

docker run --privileged -tid --name centos_slave --restart=always centos_kn /usr/sbin/init
docker exec -it centos_slave bash

#修改keepalived.conf 配置文件,主要是state和priority兩個(gè)參數(shù)的調(diào)整，其中master節(jié)點(diǎn)的priority值一定要比slave大才行

vrrp_script chk_nginx {
  script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
  interval 2
  weight -20
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
  state SLAVE
  interface eth0
  virtual_router_id 121
  mcast_src_ip 172.17.0.6
  priority 80
  nopreempt
  advert_int 1
  authentication {
    auth_type PASS
    auth_pass 1111
  }

  track_script {
    chk_nginx
  }

  virtual_ipaddress {
    172.17.0.100
  }
}

20,修改完成之后重新加載

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart keepalived.service

21,修改nginx歡迎頁（若nginx沒啟動(dòng)則執(zhí)行 systemctl start nginx.service）

vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

22,測(cè)試

A> 分別在宿主機(jī)，centos_master,centos_slave中進(jìn)行一下命令測(cè)試,如果顯示都為Master的歡迎頁面，說明配置成功1/3

curl 172.17.0.100

B> 此時(shí)停止centos_master容器( docker stop centos_master )，保留centos_slave容器，執(zhí)行以下命令,若切換到Slave頁面，則說明keepalived配置成功2/3

curl 172.17.0.100

C> 重啟centos_master 容器，此時(shí)執(zhí)行以下命令,看是從Slave切換到了Master,如果切換成功，說明我們配置到此成功了。

curl 172.17.0.100

說明，測(cè)試過程中，重啟容器之后，nginx沒有啟動(dòng)，需要進(jìn)入容器啟動(dòng)一下，不然訪問不到Master頁面了，但是可以Ping通。

執(zhí)行下面命令，配置nginx隨機(jī)啟動(dòng),這樣不用每次重啟容器還需要手動(dòng)啟動(dòng)nginx

chkconfig nginx on

以上就是整個(gè)配置過程，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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