| 輸入項 | 允許輸入 | 可為空 | 格式規范 | 合法性 | 依賴項 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 原管理員密碼 | 是 | 否 | 字符串 | 長度限制:5-63; 字符集:英文字符集; | 需要與管理員密碼相同 |
| 新管理員密碼 | 是 | 否 | 字符串 | 長度限制:5-63; 字符集:英文字符集; | |
| 確認管理員密碼 | 是 | 否 | 字符串 | 需要與新管理員密碼相同 |
根據防呆規則可以列出:1.可能出現的錯誤 2.出現錯誤時頁面應有的提示語
#可能出現的錯誤
errcode = ['oldPwdErr', 'lenErr', 'charErr', 'matchErr', 'pwdSameErr',\
'oldPwdBlankErr', 'newPwdBlankErr']
#出現錯誤時頁面應有的提示語
errTips = {
'oldPwdErr' :'原密碼錯誤',
'lenErr' : '新密碼長度應為5~63位',
'charErr' : "新密碼包含非法字符",
'matchErr' : '兩次密碼輸入不一致',
'pwdSameErr' : '新密碼與原密碼相同，請重新輸入',
'oldPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入原密碼',
'newPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入新密碼'
}
需要輸入的數據為要檢查的data和登陸密碼
def checkData(data, loginPwd):#檢查順序跟頁面順序相同
pwd = loginPwd
#'oldPwdBlankErr'
if data['pwdOld'] == "":
return errcode[5]
#newPwdBlankErr
if data['pwdNew'] == "":
return errcode[6]
#charErr
strTmp = data['pwdNew']
for x in xrange(0,len(data['pwdNew'])):
if ord(strTmp[x]) 33 or ord(strTmp[x]) > 127:#ASCII表示范圍:32-127
return errcode[2]
#lenErr
if len(data['pwdNew']) > 63 or len(data['pwdNew']) 5:
return errcode[1]
#oldPwdErr
if pwd != loginData.login_data['login_pwd']:
return errcode[0]
#pwdSameErr
if data['pwdNew'] == pwd:
return errcode[4]
#no error
return None
def checkResponse(error):
if error == None:
return
webText = getText('//*[@id="PwdTip"]')
if webText == False:#沒有提示
print('###Error: no tips on web!')
else:
webText = webText.decode('UTF-8')
waitandClick('//*[@id="ModifyPwd"]/i')
time.sleep(1)
return webText
data = [
{"pwdNew" : "12345678","pwdOld" : '8dadla'},#"oldPwdErr"
{"pwdNew" : "admi","pwdOld" : 'admin'},#lenErr
{'pwdNew' : '1 2 3','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#charErr
{'pwdNew' : 'admin','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#pwdSameErr
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : ""},#oldPwdBlank
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : "admin"}#newPwdBlank
]
單元測試中，不同的部分應該是數據，所以可以定義一個通用的操作。
其中self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])是判定測試是否通過的條件:頁面提示語是否正確。
def commonAction(self, arg):
error = checkData(arg)
changeUserPwd.main(arg)
self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])
測試類中主要包括了測試用例6個，和對應的以“test”開頭的測試函數。
這里繼承了python的unittest。
關于unittest的語法請參考：//www.jb51.net/article/65856.htm
class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
data = [
{"pwdNew" : "12345678","pwdOld" : '8dadla'},#"oldPwdErr"
{"pwdNew" : "admi","pwdOld" : '*'},#lenErr
{'pwdNew' : '1 2 3','pwdOld' : '*'},#charErr
{'pwdNew' : 'admin','pwdOld' : '*'},#pwdSameErr
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : ""},#oldPwdBlank
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : "*"}#newPwdBlank
]
def commonAction(self, arg):
error = checkData(arg)
changeUserPwd.main(arg)
self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])
def test_oldPwdErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[0])
def test_lenErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[1])
def test_charErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[2])
def test_pwdSameErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[3])
def test_oldPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[4])
def test_newPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[5])
這里利用了HTMLTestRunner來生成測試報告。
HTMLTestRunner語法請參看：https://testerhome.com/topics/7576
生成的測試報告將會存放在reports/test_report文件夾下，按照時間命名。測試報告的title叫做“修改管理員密碼試報告”
unittest.main(testRunner=HtmlTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(output='test_report',report_title='修改管理員密碼試報告'))
def closeDriver():
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()
os.system('killall chromedriver')
os.system('killall geckodriver')
到這里，我們可以完成修改用戶名密碼模塊的單元測試了，為了增加代碼的健壯性，下面介紹異常處理。
點擊按鈕的時候可能出現的異常情況是：可能頁面元素還沒有加載出來的時候，點擊的動作就發生了。這樣就會引發找不到元素異常。
解決的方法是通過顯示等待，每10ms檢查一次頁面元素是否加載完成，完成后就點擊，否則就等到超時時間之后結束動作。
def waitandClick(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandClick, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).click()
在填寫表單時，除了頁面元素還沒有加載完成的異常外，還可能原有表單中有文本，而我們的輸入則是以追加模式填寫的。這就會導致填寫的文本不準確。
def waitandSendkeys(xpath, keys):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandSendkeys, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).clear()
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).send_keys(keys)
在元素加載中可能出現： 1. 在超時時間內元素沒有加載完成 2. 查詢的元素根本不存在
針對這兩種情況進行異常處理：
def waitforDisplay(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
try:
process = driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda driver: process.is_displayed())
except NoSuchElementException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, NoSuchElementException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/env python
from selenium import webdriver
import time, os
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
import unittest
import HtmlTestRunner
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
# 1. 打開瀏覽器，訪問p.to
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
def openDriver():
driver.get("http://p.to")
driver.maximize_window()
# 2. 登陸
class loginClass(object):
"""docstring for login"""
def __init__(self, arg):
self.login_pwd = arg
def login(self):
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="Pwd"]', self.login_pwd)
waitandClick('//*[@id="Save"]')
def login(data):
openDriver()
test1 = loginClass(data)
test1.login()
# 3.修改管理員密碼
class changePwdClass(object):
"""docstring for changePwdClass"""
def __init__(self, arg):
self.pwdNew = arg.get('pwdNew', '')
self.pwdOld = arg.get('pwdOld', '')
def changeUserPwd(self):
waitandClick('//*[@id="Con"]/div[1]/ul[2]/li[1]')
waitandClick('//*[@id="Con"]/div[1]/ul[2]/li[1]/ul/li[3]')
waitforDisplay('//*[@id="_Widget"]')
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="PwdOld"]', self.pwdOld)
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="PwdNew"]', self.pwdNew)
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="PwdCfm"]', self.pwdNew)
waitandClick('//*[@id="SavePwd"]')
def changeUserPwd_main(data):
changePwdObj = changePwdClass(data)
changePwdObj.changeUserPwd()
# 4. 單元測試數據
errcode = ['oldPwdErr', 'lenErr', 'charErr', 'matchErr', 'pwdSameErr',\
'oldPwdBlankErr', 'newPwdBlankErr']
errTips = {
'oldPwdErr' :'原密碼錯誤',
'lenErr' : '新密碼長度應為5~63位',
'charErr' : "新密碼包含非法字符",
'matchErr' : '兩次密碼輸入不一致',
'pwdSameErr' : '新密碼與原密碼相同，請重新輸入',
'oldPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入原密碼',
'newPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入新密碼'
}
# 5. 檢查輸入的數據合法性
def checkData(data):#檢查順序跟頁面順序相同
#pwd = loginPwd
pwd='admin'
#'oldPwdBlankErr'
if data['pwdOld'] == "":
return errcode[5]
#newPwdBlankErr
if data['pwdNew'] == "":
return errcode[6]
#charErr
strTmp = data['pwdNew']
for x in xrange(0,len(data['pwdNew'])):
if ord(strTmp[x]) 33 or ord(strTmp[x]) > 127:#ASCII表示范圍:32-127
return errcode[2]
#lenErr
if len(data['pwdNew']) > 63 or len(data['pwdNew']) 5:
return errcode[1]
#oldPwdErr
if pwd != data['pwdOld']:
return errcode[0]
#pwdSameErr
if data['pwdNew'] == data['pwdOld']:
return errcode[4]
#no error
return None
# 6. 獲取輸入錯誤數據之后的頁面提示語
def checkResponse(error):
if error == None:
return
# webText = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="PwdTip"]').text
webText = getText('//*[@id="PwdTip"]')
if webText == False:#沒有提示
print('###Error: no tips on web!')
else:
webText = webText.decode('UTF-8')
waitandClick('//*[@id="ModifyPwd"]/i')
return webText
# 8.單元測試類
class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
# 7. 編寫測試用例
data = [
{"pwdNew" : "12345678","pwdOld" : '8dadla'},#"oldPwdErr"
{"pwdNew" : "admi","pwdOld" : 'admin'},#lenErr
{'pwdNew' : '1 2 3','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#charErr
{'pwdNew' : 'admin','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#pwdSameErr
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : ""},#oldPwdBlank
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : "admin"}#newPwdBlank
]
def commonAction(self, arg):
error = checkData(arg)
changeUserPwd_main(arg)
self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])
time.sleep(1)
def test_oldPwdErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[0])
def test_lenErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[1])
def test_charErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[2])
def test_pwdSameErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[3])
def test_oldPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[4])
def test_newPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[5])
# 10. 關閉瀏覽器
def closeDriver():
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()
os.system('killall chromedriver')
os.system('killall geckodriver')
# 11. 異常處理
## 11.1 點擊函數
def waitandClick(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandClick, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).click()
## 11.2 填寫表單
def waitandSendkeys(xpath, keys):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandSendkeys, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).clear()
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).send_keys(keys)
## 11.3 元素加載
def waitforDisplay(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
try:
process = driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda driver: process.is_displayed())
except NoSuchElementException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, NoSuchElementException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
def elementIsDisplayed(xpath):
try:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
except NoSuchElementException as e:
return False
def getText(xpath):
time.sleep(1)
return driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).text
if __name__ == '__main__':
openDriver()
login('admin')
#data = {'pwdNew'='admin', 'pwdOld'='12345678'}
#changeUserPwd_main(data)
#9. 進行單元測試并生成測試報告
unittest.main(testRunner=HtmlTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(output='test_report',report_title='修改管理員密碼試報告'))
closeDriver()
完整demo請參看：https://github.com/niununu/k2p_web_test
到此這篇關于python實現自動化腳本編寫的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關python 自動化腳本 內容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
