簡介
mysql應該是我們在日常工作中使用到的一個非常普遍的數(shù)據(jù)庫，雖然mysql現(xiàn)在是oracle公司的，但是它是開源的，市場占有率還是非常高的。
今天我們將會介紹r2dbc在mysql中的使用。
r2dbc-mysql的maven依賴
要想使用r2dbc-mysql，我們需要添加如下的maven依賴：
dependency>
groupId>dev.miku/groupId>
artifactId>r2dbc-mysql/artifactId>
version>0.8.2.RELEASE/version>
/dependency>
當然，如果你想使用snapshot版本的話，可以這樣：
dependency>
groupId>dev.miku/groupId>
artifactId>r2dbc-mysql/artifactId>
version>${r2dbc-mysql.version}.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/version>
/dependency>
repository>
id>sonatype-snapshots/id>
name>SonaType Snapshots/name>
url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/url>
snapshots>
enabled>true/enabled>
/snapshots>
/repository>
創(chuàng)建connectionFactory
創(chuàng)建connectionFactory的代碼實際上使用的r2dbc的標準接口，所以和之前講到的h2的創(chuàng)建代碼基本上是一樣的：
// Notice: the query string must be URL encoded
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(
"r2dbcs:mysql://root:database-password-in-here@127.0.0.1:3306/r2dbc?" +
"zeroDate=use_round" +
"sslMode=verify_identity" +
"useServerPrepareStatement=true" +
"tlsVersion=TLSv1.3%2CTLSv1.2%2CTLSv1.1" +
"sslCa=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fca.pem" +
"sslKey=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fclient-key.pem" +
"sslCert=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql%2Fclient-cert.pem" +
"sslKeyPassword=key-pem-password-in-here"
)
// Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
MonoConnection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
不同的是ConnectionFactories傳入的參數(shù)不同。
我們也支持unix domain socket的格式：
// Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get("r2dbc:mysql://root@unix?unixSocket=%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmysql.sock")
MonoConnection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
同樣的，我們也支持從ConnectionFactoryOptions中創(chuàng)建ConnectionFactory：
ConnectionFactoryOptions options = ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
.option(DRIVER, "mysql")
.option(HOST, "127.0.0.1")
.option(USER, "root")
.option(PORT, 3306) // optional, default 3306
.option(PASSWORD, "database-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password
.option(DATABASE, "r2dbc") // optional, default null, null means not specifying the database
.option(CONNECT_TIMEOUT, Duration.ofSeconds(3)) // optional, default null, null means no timeout
.option(SSL, true) // optional, default sslMode is "preferred", it will be ignore if sslMode is set
.option(Option.valueOf("sslMode"), "verify_identity") // optional, default "preferred"
.option(Option.valueOf("sslCa"), "/path/to/mysql/ca.pem") // required when sslMode is verify_ca or verify_identity, default null, null means has no server CA cert
.option(Option.valueOf("sslCert"), "/path/to/mysql/client-cert.pem") // optional, default null, null means has no client cert
.option(Option.valueOf("sslKey"), "/path/to/mysql/client-key.pem") // optional, default null, null means has no client key
.option(Option.valueOf("sslKeyPassword"), "key-pem-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password for client key (i.e. "sslKey")
.option(Option.valueOf("tlsVersion"), "TLSv1.3,TLSv1.2,TLSv1.1") // optional, default is auto-selected by the server
.option(Option.valueOf("sslHostnameVerifier"), "com.example.demo.MyVerifier") // optional, default is null, null means use standard verifier
.option(Option.valueOf("sslContextBuilderCustomizer"), "com.example.demo.MyCustomizer") // optional, default is no-op customizer
.option(Option.valueOf("zeroDate"), "use_null") // optional, default "use_null"
.option(Option.valueOf("useServerPrepareStatement"), true) // optional, default false
.option(Option.valueOf("tcpKeepAlive"), true) // optional, default false
.option(Option.valueOf("tcpNoDelay"), true) // optional, default false
.option(Option.valueOf("autodetectExtensions"), false) // optional, default false
.build();
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(options);
// Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
MonoConnection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
或者下面的unix domain socket格式：
// Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
ConnectionFactoryOptions options = ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
.option(DRIVER, "mysql")
.option(Option.valueOf("unixSocket"), "/path/to/mysql.sock")
.option(USER, "root")
.build();
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(options);
MonoConnection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
使用MySqlConnectionFactory創(chuàng)建connection
上面的例子中，我們使用的是通用的r2dbc api來創(chuàng)建connection，同樣的，我們也可以使用特有的MySqlConnectionFactory來創(chuàng)建connection：
MySqlConnectionConfiguration configuration = MySqlConnectionConfiguration.builder()
.host("127.0.0.1")
.user("root")
.port(3306) // optional, default 3306
.password("database-password-in-here") // optional, default null, null means has no password
.database("r2dbc") // optional, default null, null means not specifying the database
.serverZoneId(ZoneId.of("Continent/City")) // optional, default null, null means query server time zone when connection init
.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3)) // optional, default null, null means no timeout
.sslMode(SslMode.VERIFY_IDENTITY) // optional, default SslMode.PREFERRED
.sslCa("/path/to/mysql/ca.pem") // required when sslMode is VERIFY_CA or VERIFY_IDENTITY, default null, null means has no server CA cert
.sslCert("/path/to/mysql/client-cert.pem") // optional, default has no client SSL certificate
.sslKey("/path/to/mysql/client-key.pem") // optional, default has no client SSL key
.sslKeyPassword("key-pem-password-in-here") // optional, default has no client SSL key password
.tlsVersion(TlsVersions.TLS1_3, TlsVersions.TLS1_2, TlsVersions.TLS1_1) // optional, default is auto-selected by the server
.sslHostnameVerifier(MyVerifier.INSTANCE) // optional, default is null, null means use standard verifier
.sslContextBuilderCustomizer(MyCustomizer.INSTANCE) // optional, default is no-op customizer
.zeroDateOption(ZeroDateOption.USE_NULL) // optional, default ZeroDateOption.USE_NULL
.useServerPrepareStatement() // Use server-preparing statements, default use client-preparing statements
.tcpKeepAlive(true) // optional, controls TCP Keep Alive, default is false
.tcpNoDelay(true) // optional, controls TCP No Delay, default is false
.autodetectExtensions(false) // optional, controls extension auto-detect, default is true
.extendWith(MyExtension.INSTANCE) // optional, manual extend an extension into extensions, default using auto-detect
.build();
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = MySqlConnectionFactory.from(configuration);
// Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
MonoConnection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
或者下面的unix domain socket方式：
// Minimum configuration for unix domain socket
MySqlConnectionConfiguration configuration = MySqlConnectionConfiguration.builder()
.unixSocket("/path/to/mysql.sock")
.user("root")
.build();
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = MySqlConnectionFactory.from(configuration);
MonoConnection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
執(zhí)行statement
首先看一個簡單的不帶參數(shù)的statement:
connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`first_name`, `last_name`) VALUES ('who', 'how')")
.execute(); // return a Publisher include one Result
然后看一個帶參數(shù)的statement:
connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`birth`, `nickname`, `show_name`) VALUES (?, ?name, ?name)")
.bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2019, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
.bind("name", "Some one") // Not one-to-one binding, call twice of native index-bindings, or call once of name-bindings.
.add()
.bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2009, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
.bind(1, "My Nickname")
.bind(2, "Naming show")
.returnGeneratedValues("generated_id")
.execute(); // return a Publisher include two Results.
注意，如果參數(shù)是null的話，可以使用bindNull來進行null值的綁定。
接下來我們看一個批量執(zhí)行的操作：
connection.createBatch()
.add("INSERT INTO `person` (`first_name`, `last_name`) VALUES ('who', 'how')")
.add("UPDATE `earth` SET `count` = `count` + 1 WHERE `id` = 'human'")
.execute(); // return a Publisher include two Results.
執(zhí)行事務
我們看一個執(zhí)行事務的例子：
connection.beginTransaction()
.then(Mono.from(connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`first_name`, `last_name`) VALUES ('who', 'how')").execute()))
.flatMap(Result::getRowsUpdated)
.thenMany(connection.createStatement("INSERT INTO `person` (`birth`, `nickname`, `show_name`) VALUES (?, ?name, ?name)")
.bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2019, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
.bind("name", "Some one")
.add()
.bind(0, LocalDateTime.of(2009, 6, 25, 12, 12, 12))
.bind(1, "My Nickname")
.bind(2, "Naming show")
.returnGeneratedValues("generated_id")
.execute())
.flatMap(Result::getRowsUpdated)
.then(connection.commitTransaction());
使用線程池
為了提升數(shù)據(jù)庫的執(zhí)行效率，減少建立連接的開銷，一般數(shù)據(jù)庫連接都會有連接池的概念，同樣的r2dbc也有一個叫做r2dbc-pool的連接池。
r2dbc-pool的依賴：
dependency>
groupId>io.r2dbc/groupId>
artifactId>r2dbc-pool/artifactId>
version>${version}/version>
/dependency>
如果你想使用snapshot版本，也可以這樣指定：
dependency>
groupId>io.r2dbc/groupId>
artifactId>r2dbc-pool/artifactId>
version>${version}.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/version>
/dependency>
repository>
id>spring-libs-snapshot/id>
name>Spring Snapshot Repository/name>
url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot/url>
/repository>
看一下怎么指定數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池：
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get("r2dbc:pool:my-driver>://host>:port>/database>[?maxIdleTime=PT60S[…]");
Publisher? extends Connection> connectionPublisher = connectionFactory.create();
可以看到，我們只需要在連接URL上面添加pool這個driver即可。
同樣的，我們也可以通過ConnectionFactoryOptions來創(chuàng)建：
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
.option(DRIVER, "pool")
.option(PROTOCOL, "postgresql") // driver identifier, PROTOCOL is delegated as DRIVER by the pool.
.option(HOST, "…")
.option(PORT, "…")
.option(USER, "…")
.option(PASSWORD, "…")
.option(DATABASE, "…")
.build());
Publisher? extends Connection> connectionPublisher = connectionFactory.create();
// Alternative: Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
MonoConnection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());
最后， 你也可以直接通過創(chuàng)建ConnectionPoolConfiguration來使用線程池：
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = …;
ConnectionPoolConfiguration configuration = ConnectionPoolConfiguration.builder(connectionFactory)
.maxIdleTime(Duration.ofMillis(1000))
.maxSize(20)
.build();
ConnectionPool pool = new ConnectionPool(configuration);
MonoConnection> connectionMono = pool.create();
// later
Connection connection = …;
MonoVoid> release = connection.close(); // released the connection back to the pool
// application shutdown
pool.dispose();
到此這篇關(guān)于深入理解r2dbc在mysql中的使用的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)mysql r2dbc 內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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