|
ANSI模式 |
寬松模式，對插入數據進行校驗，如果不符合定義類型或長度，對數據類型調整或截斷保存，報warning警告。 |
|
TRADITIONAL模式 |
嚴格模式，當向mysql數據庫插入數據時，進行數據的嚴格校驗，保證錯誤數據不能插入，報error錯誤。用于事物時，會進行事物的回滾。 |
|
STRICT_TRANS_TABLES模式 |
嚴格模式，進行數據的嚴格校驗，錯誤數據不能插入，報error錯誤。
|
1 ANSI模式
在ANSI模式下，當我們插入數據時，未滿足列長度要求時，數據同樣會插入成功，但是對超出列長度的字段進行截斷，同時報告warning警告。
mysql> set @@sql_mode=ANSI;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table test(name varchar(4), pass varchar(4));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into test values('aaaaa','aaaaa'),('bbbb','bbbb');
Query OK, 2 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 2
mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message |
+---------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1265 | Data truncated for column 'name' at row 1 |
| Warning | 1265 | Data truncated for column 'pass' at row 1 |
+---------+------+-------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test;
+------+------+
| name | pass |
+------+------+
| aaaa | aaaa |
| bbbb | bbbb |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2 STRICT_TRANS_TABLES模式
在STRICT_TRANS_TABLES模式下，當我們插入數據時，mysql會嚴格的進行數據的校驗，當發現插入列值未滿足要求，直接報告error錯誤，保證了錯誤數據無法插入到數據庫中。
mysql> set @@sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table test(name varchar(4), pass varchar(4));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into test values('aaaaa','aaaaa'),('bbbb','bbbb');
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> show errors;
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message |
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
| Error | 1406 | Data too long for column 'name' at row 1 |
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
3 TRADITIONAL模式，初看結果是不是一樣
mysql> set @@sql_mode=TRADITIONAL;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table test(name varchar(4), pass varchar(4));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into test values('aaaaa','aaaaa'),('bbbb','bbbb');
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> show errors;
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message |
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
| Error | 1406 | Data too long for column 'name' at row 1 |
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
但是，可以看看設置后的情況
mysql> set @@sql_mode=TRADITIONAL; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select @@sql_mode\G *************************** 1. row *************************** @@sql_mode: STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,STRICT_ALL_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,TRADITIONAL,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在TRADITIONAL模式下，對所有的事務存儲引擎，非事務存儲引擎檢查，日期類型中的月和日部分不能包含0，不能有0這樣的日期(0000-00-00),數據不能除0，禁止grant自動創建新用戶等一些校驗。
最后：
set @@只是在sessions級別設置的，要想所有的都生效，還是要設置配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]下面添加如下列：
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION對于不存在的引擎就報錯，不加的話，指定不支持的引擎時指定默認的innodb
另外：sql_mode還有一個配置ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY，這個表示采用group by帥選數據的時候只能查看新組內信息
改模式之前的操作
mysql> select * from employee group by post; +----+--------+--------+-----+------------+-----------------------------------------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | id | name | sex | age | hire_date | post | post_comment | salary | office | depart_id | +----+--------+--------+-----+------------+-----------------------------------------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | 14 | 張野 | male | 28 | 2016-03-11 | operation | NULL | 10000.13 | 403 | 3 | | 9 | 歪歪 | female | 48 | 2015-03-11 | sale | NULL | 3000.13 | 402 | 2 | | 2 | alex | male | 78 | 2015-03-02 | teacher | NULL | 1000000.31 | 401 | 1 | | 1 | egon | male | 18 | 2017-03-01 | 老男孩駐沙河辦事處外交大使 | NULL | 7300.33 | 401 | 1 | +----+--------+--------+-----+------------+-----------------------------------------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
此時的sql_mode:
mysql> select @@sql_mode; +----------------------------------------------------------------+ | @@sql_mode | +----------------------------------------------------------------+ | STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION | +----------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
修改一下，退出再進入才會生效
mysql> set global sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select @@sql_mode; +----------------------------------------------------------------+ | @@sql_mode | +----------------------------------------------------------------+ | STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION | +----------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye
再次進入
mysql> select @@sql_mode; +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | @@sql_mode | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
下面查看修改后的查看結果
mysql> select * from employee group by post; //只能查看post ERROR 1055 (42000): 't1.employee.id' isn't in GROUP BY mysql> select post from employee group by post; +-----------------------------------------+ | post | +-----------------------------------------+ | operation | | sale | | teacher | | 老男孩駐沙河辦事處外交大使 | +-----------------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select id,post from employee group by post; ERROR 1055 (42000): 't1.employee.id' isn't in GROUP BY mysql> select name,post from employee group by post,name; //根據group by 后面的選擇查看 +------------+-----------------------------------------+ | name | post | +------------+-----------------------------------------+ | 張野 | operation | | 程咬金 | operation | | 程咬鐵 | operation | | 程咬銅 | operation | | 程咬銀 | operation | | 丁丁 | sale | | 丫丫 | sale | | 星星 | sale | | 格格 | sale | | 歪歪 | sale | | alex | teacher | | jingliyang | teacher | | jinxin | teacher | | liwenzhou | teacher | | wupeiqi | teacher | | xiaomage | teacher | | yuanhao | teacher | | egon | 老男孩駐沙河辦事處外交大使 | +------------+-----------------------------------------+ 18 rows in set (0.00 sec)
更多關于MySQL相關內容感興趣的讀者可查看本站專題：《MySQL查詢技巧大全》、《MySQL常用函數大匯總》、《MySQL日志操作技巧大全》、《MySQL事務操作技巧匯總》、《MySQL存儲過程技巧大全》及《MySQL數據庫鎖相關技巧匯總》
希望本文所述對大家MySQL數據庫計有所幫助。
