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mysql 8.0.18 安裝配置方法圖文教程(linux)

本文記錄了linux mysql 8.0.18 安裝配置圖文教程，供大家參考，具體內容如下

1、官網安裝包下載地址

2、我這里通過xftp將安裝包上傳至Linux服務器

3.解壓

解壓命令：tar -xvf mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

繼續解壓需要的那一個

命令： tar -xvf mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

重命名并移動到合適的路徑

重命名： mv mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

移動：

4.在/usr/local/mysql下創建data文件夾

# mkdir data

5.初始化數據庫，自動生成密碼需記錄等下要用

# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

ps：中間遇到一個坑，初始化數據庫時候報了錯

具體錯誤為：bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解決方法為：yum install libaio-devel.x86_64 原因是缺少了libaio這個東西安裝就完事了

再次執行初始化命令

得到初始化密碼，需要記下，一會會用到

6.修改/usr/local/mysql 當前目錄的用戶

# chown -R root:root ./
# chown -R mysql:mysql data

7.復制my-default.cnf這個文件到etc/my.cnf去

具體命令為：

# cd support-files/
# touch my-default.cnf
# chmod 777 ./my-default.cnf 
# cd ../
# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

8.完了之后配置my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

內容：

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
tmpdir = /tmp
port = 5186
#lower_case_table_names = 1
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
#lower_case_table_names = 1
max_allowed_packet=32M
default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
#lower_case_file_system = on
#lower_case_table_names = 1
log_bin_trust_function_creators = ON
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

如果后期mysql運行報錯，可以直接到log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log目錄下直接查看錯誤日志

命令:cat /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

9.開機自啟，進入/usr/local/mysql/support-files進行設置

# cd support-files/
# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

10.注冊服務

# chkconfig --add mysql

11.查看是否成功

12.etc/ld.so.conf要配置路徑，不然報錯

# vim /etc/ld.so.conf

添加如下內容:

/usr/local/mysql/lib

13.配置環境變量

# vim /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile

添加如下內容：

#MYSQL ENVIRONMENT
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib

14.登錄需要用到上面的生成的密碼

#啟動mysql服務
[root@localhost bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log'.
.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost bin]# 
 
#修改mysql密碼
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>

ps：第二個坑，在啟動時出現錯誤詳情為：
Starting MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [FAILED]cal/mysql/data/mysql.pid).

該錯誤翻了一下午，繞了一大圈，最終問題是my.cnf文件配置問題，千萬不能以為加了#就是注釋掉了，自己檢查了n遍，覺得沒有錯，結果就是不行，沒有辦法找了一份另一臺服務器的my.cnf配置，復制替換稍加修改，解決問題。